典型回答

**Function Calling都是一种让大模型会使用工具的方案。**如果一个大模型不会用工具，那就只能是一个简单的对话机器人，并且只能根据以往训练的数据进行对话。

如果你想让给大模型能够帮你联网查询、帮你操作本地文件、帮你调外部服务，都需要让他会用工具，而Function Call，MCP、A2A都是可以让大模型更好的使用工具的技术方案。

Function Call是Open AI提出的，最开始时只针对自家的GPT用的，他需要先通过结构化的方式定义出来有哪些工具。如：

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import json

def get_current_temperature(location: str, unit: str = "celsius"):
    """Get current temperature at a location.

    Args:
        location: The location to get the temperature for, in the format "City, State, Country".
        unit: The unit to return the temperature in. Defaults to "celsius". (choices: ["celsius", "fahrenheit"])

    Returns:
        the temperature, the location, and the unit in a dict
    """
    return {
        "temperature": 26.1,
        "location": location,
        "unit": unit,
    }


def get_temperature_date(location: str, date: str, unit: str = "celsius"):
    """Get temperature at a location and date.

    Args:
        location: The location to get the temperature for, in the format "City, State, Country".
        date: The date to get the temperature for, in the format "Year-Month-Day".
        unit: The unit to return the temperature in. Defaults to "celsius". (choices: ["celsius", "fahrenheit"])

    Returns:
        the temperature, the location, the date and the unit in a dict
    """
    return {
        "temperature": 25.9,
        "location": location,
        "date": date,
        "unit": unit,
    }


def get_function_by_name(name):
    if name == "get_current_temperature":
        return get_current_temperature
    if name == "get_temperature_date":
        return get_temperature_date

TOOLS = [
    {
        "type": "function",
        "function": {
            "name": "get_current_temperature",
            "description": "Get current temperature at a location.",
            "parameters": {
                "type": "object",
                "properties": {
                    "location": {
                        "type": "string",
                        "description": 'The location to get the temperature for, in the format "City, State, Country".',
                    },
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "string",
                        "enum": ["celsius", "fahrenheit"],
                        "description": 'The unit to return the temperature in. Defaults to "celsius".',
                    },
                },
                "required": ["location"],
            },
        },
    },
    {
        "type": "function",
        "function": {
            "name": "get_temperature_date",
            "description": "Get temperature at a location and date.",
            "parameters": {
                "type": "object",
                "properties": {
                    "location": {
                        "type": "string",
                        "description": 'The location to get the temperature for, in the format "City, State, Country".',
                    },
                    "date": {
                        "type": "string",
                        "description": 'The date to get the temperature for, in the format "Year-Month-Day".',
                    },
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "string",
                        "enum": ["celsius", "fahrenheit"],
                        "description": 'The unit to return the temperature in. Defaults to "celsius".',
                    },
                },
                "required": ["location", "date"],
            },
        },
    },
]
MESSAGES = [
    {"role": "system", "content": "You are Qwen, created by Alibaba Cloud. You are a helpful assistant.\n\nCurrent Date: 2024-09-30"},
    {"role": "user",  "content": "What's the temperature in San Francisco now? How about tomorrow?"},
]

其中的TOOLS部分就是关于工具的定义，对于每个工具，它是一个具有两个字段的JSON object：

  • type：string，用于指定工具类型，目前仅"function"有效
  • function：object，详细说明了如何使用该函数

对于每个function，它是一个具有三个字段的JSON object：

  • name：string 表示函数名称
  • description：string 描述函数用途
  • parameters：JSON Schema，用于指定函数接受的参数。请参阅链接文档以了解如何构建JSON Schema。值得注意的字段包括type、required和enum。

大多数框架使用“工具”格式，有些可能使用“函数”格式。根据命名，应该很明显应该使用哪一个。

定义好了工具之后，再向他提问的时候，将我们的prompts和上面定义的可用的工具都传给LLM，那么他就能根据用户的问题，选择工具去使用，更好的做回答了。